Citrinin (CAS
518-75-2)
SMILES, InChI and
Structure are below.
Rats and Mice: Cancer Test Summary
kid |
no test |
no test |
no test |
<7.48m,P |
no test |
Key to the Table Above
Positivity:
For each chemical with a positive (carcinogenic)
experiment in the Carcinogenic Potency
Database (CPDB), results are included on carcinogenic potency
(TD50) in each species and target sites in males and
females. Positivity is determined by an author’s opinion in a
published paper. If all experimental results in the CDPB are
negative in a sex-species group, “no positive” appears.
If the CPDB has no experiments in the sex-species group, “no
test” appears. The summary presents the strongest evidence of
carcinogenicity in each group. If there are both positive and
negative experiments in a sex-species, the negative results are
ignored in this Summary Table.
Target Site
Codes: kid = kidney. Target sites are listed if any
author of published experimental results concluded that tumors were
induced in that organ by the test agent. If there is more than one
positive experiment in a sex-species, target sites listed may be
from more than one experiment, e.g. if liver and lung are both
listed, then liver may have been a target in one experiment and
lung in another.
TD50:
Our standardized measure of carcinogenic potency,
TD50, is the
daily dose rate in mg/kg body weight/day to induce tumors in half
of test animals that would have remained tumor-free at zero dose.
Whenever there is more than one positive experiment in a species,
the reported TD50 value is a Harmonic Mean
calculated using the TD50 value from the most potent
target site in each positive experiment.
Superscripts: m = There is more than one
positive experiment in the species, and TD50 values from
each positive experiment are used in the calculation of the
reported Harmonic mean of TD50. P = 100% of dosed animals had tumors at a target
site in an experiment in this species. < = For the only target site in the species,
100% of dosed animals had tumors. The value reported is the upper
99% confidence limit on TD50; no TD50 could
be calculated because only summary data (not lifetable) were
available. A TD50 value would be less than the reported
upper confidence limit.
The Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) is a
unique and widely used international resource of the results of
6540 chronic, long-term animal cancer tests on 1547 chemicals. The
CPDB provides easy access to the bioassay literature, with
qualitative and quantitative analyses of both positive and negative
experiments that have been published over the past 50 years in the
general literature through 2001 and by the National Cancer
Institute/National Toxicology Program through 2004. The CPDB
standardizes the diverse literature of cancer bioassays that vary
widely in protocol, histopathological examination and nomenclature,
and in the published author’s choices of what information to
provide in their papers. Results are reported in the CPDB for tests
in rats, mice, hamsters, dogs, and nonhuman primates.
For each experiment, information is included on
species, strain, and sex of test animal; features of experimental
protocol such as route of administration, duration of dosing, dose
level(s) in mg/kg body weight/day, and duration of experiment;
experimental results are provided on target organ, tumor type, and
tumor incidence; carcinogenic potency (TD50) and its
statistical significance; shape of the dose-response,
author’s opinion as to carcinogenicity, and literature
citation.
Only tests with dosing for at least ¼ the
standard lifespan of the species and experiment length at least
½ the lifespan are included in the CPDB. Only routes of
administration with whole body exposure are included. Doses are
standardized, average dose rates in mg/kg/day. A description of
methods used in the CPDB to standardize the diverse literature of
animal cancer tests is presented for: 1) Criteria for inclusion of
experiments 2) Standardization of average
daily dose levels and 3) TD50 estimation
for a standard lifespan. See Methods for
other details.
TD50 provides a standardized
quantitative measure that can be used for comparisons and analyses
of many issues in carcinogenesis. The range of TD50
values across chemicals that are rodent carcinogens is more than
100 million-fold. More than half the chemicals tested are positive
in at least one experiment.
A plot of all results on each experiment in the
CPDB for this chemical is presented below. These results are the
source information for the Cancer Test Summary table above.
Citrinin: All Experiments and Citations in
CPDB
The definition of each code in the plot below will appear in a
pop-up window when the field name in the header line is clicked,
e.g., Strain, Site, Path. Each numbered line
starts a new experiment and reports protocol information in black.
Average daily dose-rates per kg body weight per day are in
green. Remaining lines report
experimental results in blue.
Abbreviations of fields in header line: # = the line number in the plot of all CPDB chemicals; Xpo = duration of dosing; Xpt = duration of experiment; Site = tissue; Path = tumor type; DR = dose-response; AuOp = author’s opinion about
carcinogenicity; LoConf, UpConf =
confidence limits (99%) on TD50; Inc = tumor incidence for each dose
group.
See Guide to reading the
plot for details on each field, using an example of one
experiment.
See Help to improve
readability, or to fit the plot onto the screen or a printed
page.
Chemical (Synonym) CAS
# Species Sex Strain Route Xpo+Xpt PaperNum 0 Dose 1 Dose 2 Dose 3 Dose Literature Reference or NCI/NTP:Site Path
Site Path Notes TD50 DR Pval AuOp LoConf UpConf Cntrl 1 Inc 2 Inc 3 Inc Brkly Code
CITRININ (antimycin) 518-75-2
1514 R m f34 eat 60w60 1533m 0 40.0mg Arai;clet,17,281-287;1983
kid cla kr noTD50 P<.0005 + n.s.s. 5.28mg 0/5 17/17
1515 R m f34 eat 80w80 1533n 0 40.0mg
kid cla r noTD50 P<.0005 + n.s.s. 12.8mg 0/10 10/10
Mutagenicity in
Salmonella: negative
SMILES Code for
Citrinin: CC1=C2C(=CO[C@H]([C@@H]2C)C)C(=C(C1=O)C(=O)O)O
InChI Code for Citrinin:
InChI=1/C13H14O5/c1-5-7(3)18-4-8-9(5)6(2)11(14)10(12(8)15)13(16)17/h4-5,7,15H,1-3H3,(H,16,17)/t5-,7-/m0/s1
Source for SMILES and InChI: USEPA Distributed
Structure-Searchable Toxicity (DSSTox) Database
Chemical Structure for Citrinin:
Source for structure: National Library of
Medicine ChemIDPlus
See full CPDB Summary
Table on 1547 chemicals. See Full CPDB for all results on 6540
experiments of 1547 chemicals.
A complete list of CPDB chemicals, which is searchable by name
or by CAS number, is available here.
For a compendium of CPDB results organized by target organ,
which lists all chemicals in each species that induced tumors in
each of 35 organs, see Summary
Table by Target Organ.
The CPDB is available in several
formats that permit printing and downloading into spreadsheets
and statistical databases.
- A plot of the CPDB presents
results of 1547 experiments on 6540 chemicals in an easily readable
format that has been used in publications of the CPDB.
- A Screen version plot
for use on a single computer screen, with the same data.
- Excel version of the same
data.
- Tab-separated versions of the
same data, which can be easily read into databases.
A Supplementary
Dataset gives details on dosing and survival for each
experiment.
Relatively precise estimates of the lower confidence limit on
the TD10 (LTD10) are readily calculated from
the TD50 and its lower confidence limit, which are
reported in the CPDB. For researchers and regulatory agencies
interested in LTD10 values, we provide them in an
Excel
spreadsheet.
PDF versions of our publications of analyses using the CPDB are
available, organized by year and by research topic.
Last updated: October 3, 2007
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