1,1-dimethylhydrazine: Carcinogenic Potency Database

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (CAS 57-14-7)
SMILES, InChI and Structure are below.
Rats and Mice: Cancer Test Summary

Rat Target Sites		Mouse Target Sites		TD₅₀ (mg/kg/day)
Male	Female	Male	Female	Rat	Mouse
no positive	no positive	liv lun vsc	lun vsc	no positive	3.96^m

Hamsters: Cancer Test Summary

Hamster Target Sites		TD₅₀ (mg/kg/day)
Male	Female	TD₅₀ (mg/kg/day)
lgi	lgi	124^m

Key to the Table Above

Positivity: For each chemical with a positive (carcinogenic) experiment in the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB), results are included on carcinogenic potency (TD₅₀) in each species and target sites in males and females. Positivity is determined by an author’s opinion in a published paper. If all experimental results in the CDPB are negative in a sex-species group, “no positive” appears. If the CPDB has no experiments in the sex-species group, “no test” appears. The summary presents the strongest evidence of carcinogenicity in each group. If there are both positive and negative experiments in a sex-species, the negative results are ignored in this Summary Table.

Target Site Codes: lgi = large intestine. liv = liver. lun = lung. vsc = vascular system. Target sites are listed if any author of published experimental results concluded that tumors were induced in that organ by the test agent. If there is more than one positive experiment in a sex-species, target sites listed may be from more than one experiment, e.g. if liver and lung are both listed, then liver may have been a target in one experiment and lung in another.

TD₅₀: Our standardized measure of carcinogenic potency, TD₅₀, is the daily dose rate in mg/kg body weight/day to induce tumors in half of test animals that would have remained tumor-free at zero dose. Whenever there is more than one positive experiment in a species, the reported TD₅₀ value is a Harmonic Mean calculated using the TD₅₀ value from the most potent target site in each positive experiment.

Superscripts: m = There is more than one positive experiment in the species, and TD₅₀ values from each positive experiment are used in the calculation of the reported Harmonic mean of TD₅₀.

The Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) is a unique and widely used international resource of the results of 6540 chronic, long-term animal cancer tests on 1547 chemicals. The CPDB provides easy access to the bioassay literature, with qualitative and quantitative analyses of both positive and negative experiments that have been published over the past 50 years in the general literature through 2001 and by the National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program through 2004. The CPDB standardizes the diverse literature of cancer bioassays that vary widely in protocol, histopathological examination and nomenclature, and in the published author’s choices of what information to provide in their papers. Results are reported in the CPDB for tests in rats, mice, hamsters, dogs, and nonhuman primates.

For each experiment, information is included on species, strain, and sex of test animal; features of experimental protocol such as route of administration, duration of dosing, dose level(s) in mg/kg body weight/day, and duration of experiment; experimental results are provided on target organ, tumor type, and tumor incidence; carcinogenic potency (TD₅₀) and its statistical significance; shape of the dose-response, author’s opinion as to carcinogenicity, and literature citation.

Only tests with dosing for at least ¼ the standard lifespan of the species and experiment length at least ½ the lifespan are included in the CPDB. Only routes of administration with whole body exposure are included. Doses are standardized, average dose rates in mg/kg/day. A description of methods used in the CPDB to standardize the diverse literature of animal cancer tests is presented for: 1) Criteria for inclusion of experiments 2) Standardization of average daily dose levels and 3) TD₅₀ estimation for a standard lifespan. See Methods for other details.

TD₅₀ provides a standardized quantitative measure that can be used for comparisons and analyses of many issues in carcinogenesis. The range of TD₅₀ values across chemicals that are rodent carcinogens is more than 100 million-fold. More than half the chemicals tested are positive in at least one experiment.

A plot of all results on each experiment in the CPDB for this chemical is presented below. These results are the source information for the Cancer Test Summary table above.

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine: All Experiments and Citations in CPDB

The definition of each code in the plot below will appear in a pop-up window when the field name in the header line is clicked, e.g., Strain, Site, Path. Each numbered line starts a new experiment and reports protocol information in black. Average daily dose-rates per kg body weight per day are in green. Remaining lines report experimental results in blue.

Abbreviations of fields in header line: # = the line number in the plot of all CPDB chemicals; Xpo = duration of dosing; Xpt = duration of experiment; Site = tissue; Path = tumor type; DR = dose-response; AuOp = author’s opinion about carcinogenicity; LoConf, UpConf = confidence limits (99%) on TD₅₀; Inc = tumor incidence for each dose group.

See Guide to reading the plot for details on each field, using an example of one experiment.

See Help to improve readability, or to fit the plot onto the screen or a printed page.



Chemical (Synonym) CAS
# Species Sex Strain Route Xpo+Xpt PaperNum        0 Dose  1 Dose 2 Dose  3 Dose          Literature Reference or NCI/NTP:Site Path
Site Path Notes   TD50  DR Pval    AuOp LoConf UpConf   Cntrl   1 Inc  2 Inc   3 Inc                                                        Brkly Code

1,1-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE  (UDMH) 57-14-7
2349 H f syg wat 79w79 367                           0    136.mg                                         Toth;canc,40,2427-2431;1977
 cec mix e      104.mg   P<.0005 +  49.0mg 301.mg   1/50   10/24
 blv mix e      620.mg   P<.04      152.mg n.s.s.   0/50    2/24
 liv mix e      620.mg   P<.04      152.mg n.s.s.   0/50    2/24
 lun tum e      no dre   P=1.       519.mg n.s.s.   0/100   0/32
2350 H m syg wat 91w91 367                           0    120.mg
 cec mix e      155.mg   P<.0005 +  84.8mg 329.mg   0/64   15/45
 blv mix e      183.mg   P<.0005    98.0mg 399.mg   0/85   14/48
 liv mix e      183.mg   P<.0005    98.0mg 399.mg   0/85   14/48
 liv ang e      242.mg   P<.0005    121.mg 592.mg   0/85   11/48
 cec adc e      322.mg   P<.0005    145.mg 957.mg   0/64    8/45
 cec pla e      372.mg   P<.0005    161.mg 1.25gm   0/64    7/45
 liv agm e      975.mg   P<.02      295.mg n.s.s.   0/85    3/48
 lun tum e      no dre   P=1.       909.mg n.s.s.   0/88    0/48
2351 M f cd1 wat 52w52 1916m                         0    .200mg  1.00mg  4.00mg             Goldenthal;irdc,399-063;1989/pers.comm.
 lun a/a ek     28.5mg * P<.8    -  1.93mg n.s.s.   2/20    1/20    2/20    2/20
 liv tum ek     no dre   P=1.    -  .165mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    0/20    0/20
 --- vsc ek     no dre   P=1.    -  .165mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    0/20    0/20
2352 M f cd1 wat 24m24 1916n                         0    .200mg  1.00mg  4.00mg
 lun mix e      4.12mg * P<.0005    2.41mg 9.38mg   6/50   10/49   13/50   28/50
 lun a/a e      6.46mg * P<.0005    3.37mg 23.0mg   5/50    9/49   12/50   21/50
 lun a/c e      23.3mg * P<.005     9.61mg 236.mg   1/50    1/49    1/50    7/50
 liv hes e      54.9mg * P<.3       13.6mg n.s.s.   3/50    2/50    1/50    5/50
 liv vsc e      68.2mg * P<.4       14.3mg n.s.s.   4/50    2/50    1/50    5/50
 liv mix e      74.7mg Z P<.4       15.6mg n.s.s.   5/50    1/50    0/50    5/50
 liv hpa e      98.7mg * P<.5       17.6mg n.s.s.   4/50    1/50    0/50    4/50
 --- hes e      328.mg * P<.9       15.5mg n.s.s.   4/50    6/50    2/50    5/50
 liv hpc e      340.mg * P<.7       30.8mg n.s.s.   1/50    0/50    0/50    1/50
 --- vsc e      no dre   P=1.       15.6mg n.s.s.   7/50   11/50    3/50    7/50
 liv hem e      no dre   P=1.       1.65mg n.s.s.   1/50    0/50    0/50    0/50
 --- hem e      no dre   P=1.       27.5mg n.s.s.   3/50    5/50    1/50    2/50
2353 M f cd1 wat 52w52 2013m                         0    8.00mg  16.0mg                     Goldenthal;irdc,399-065;1990/pers.comm.
 lun mix eks    3.68mg * P<.006  +  1.82mg 43.3mg   3/20   10/20   11/20
 lun a/a eks    3.93mg * P<.007  +  1.92mg 54.2mg   3/20    9/20   11/20
 --- vsc eks    26.0mg * P<.04   +  7.87mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    3/20
 liv vsc eks    26.0mg * P<.04   +  7.87mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    3/20
 liv hem eks    39.7mg * P<.1       9.77mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    2/20
 --- hem eks    39.7mg * P<.1       9.77mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    2/20
 --- hes eks    80.8mg * P<.3       13.2mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    1/20
 liv hes eks    80.8mg * P<.3       13.2mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    1/20
 lun a/c eks    81.5mg * P=1.       13.3mg n.s.s.   0/20    1/20    0/20
2354 M f cd1 wat 24m24 2013n                         0    8.00mg  16.0mg
 --- vsc es     11.1mg * P<.0005 +  7.41mg 18.8mg   6/50   18/50   37/50
 --- hes es     11.4mg * P<.0005 +  7.72mg 18.6mg   4/50   15/50   37/50
 liv vsc es     11.8mg / P<.0005 +  8.07mg 18.5mg   2/49   12/50   37/50
 liv hes es     12.2mg / P<.0005 +  8.36mg 18.8mg   1/49   10/50   37/50
 lun mix es     27.0mg * P<.03   +  12.4mg n.s.s.  14/49   25/50   25/50
 lun a/a es     37.1mg * P<.07   +  15.3mg n.s.s.  13/49   21/50   22/50
 liv hpa es     63.6mg \ P<.2       19.5mg n.s.s.   2/49    6/50   (1/50)
 lun a/c es     199.mg * P<.4       55.4mg n.s.s.   1/49    4/50    3/50
 --- hem es     no dre   P=1.       134.mg n.s.s.   2/50    3/50    0/50
 liv hem es     no dre   P=1.       138.mg n.s.s.   1/49    2/50    0/50
 lun msm es     no dre   P=1.       134.mg n.s.s.   0/49    1/50    0/50
2355 M m cd1 wat 52w52 1916m                         0    .167mg  .833mg  1.67mg             Goldenthal;irdc,399-063;1989/pers.comm.
 liv hpa ek     26.7mg * P<.8    -  1.60mg n.s.s.   1/20    0/20    0/20    1/20
 --- vsc ek     no dre   P=1.    -  .132mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    0/20    0/20
 liv hpc ek     no dre   P=1.    -  2.06mg n.s.s.   0/20    1/20    0/20    0/20
 liv mix ek     no dre   P=1.    -  1.55mg n.s.s.   1/20    1/20    0/20    1/20
 lun a/a ek     no dre   P=1.    -  1.02mg n.s.s.   3/20    1/20    2/20    2/20
2356 M m cd1 wat 24m24 1916n                         0    .167mg  .833mg  1.67mg
 liv hpc e      11.9mg * P<.09      4.23mg n.s.s.   5/50    1/50    5/50    8/50
 --- hes e      26.7mg * P<.09      7.82mg n.s.s.   0/50    1/50    0/50    3/50
 liv mix e      7.22mg Z P<.2       2.55mg n.s.s.  16/50    6/50   10/50   19/50
 liv hpa e      29.7mg * P<.6       4.60mg n.s.s.  11/50    5/50    5/50   11/50
 lun mix e      39.6mg * P<.9       2.67mg n.s.s.  16/50   17/50   24/50   16/50
 liv hes e      44.8mg * P<.3       9.43mg n.s.s.   0/50    1/50    0/50    2/50
 lun a/c e      89.0mg * P<.9       5.75mg n.s.s.   4/50    4/50    7/50    4/50
 lun a/a e      116.mg * P<1.       3.47mg n.s.s.  12/50   13/50   17/50   12/50
2357 M m cd1 wat 52w52 2013m                         0    6.67mg  13.3mg                     Goldenthal;irdc,399-065;1990/pers.comm.
 lun mix eks    4.33mg * P<.04   +  1.84mg n.s.s.   4/20    9/20   10/20
 lun a/a eks    5.18mg * P<.08   +  2.02mg n.s.s.   4/20    9/20    9/20
 liv hpc eks    10.8mg \ P<.1       2.66mg n.s.s.   0/20    2/20   (0/20)
 --- vsc eks    12.6mg * P<.02   +  4.79mg n.s.s.   0/20    1/20    4/20
 liv vsc eks    12.6mg * P<.02   +  4.79mg n.s.s.   0/20    1/20    4/20
 --- hes eks    21.7mg * P<.04      6.56mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    3/20
 liv hes eks    21.7mg * P<.04      6.56mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    3/20
 liv hem eks    33.4mg * P<.3       8.21mg n.s.s.   0/20    1/20    1/20
 --- hem eks    33.4mg * P<.3       8.21mg n.s.s.   0/20    1/20    1/20
 lun a/c eks    67.4mg * P<.3       11.0mg n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    1/20
 liv mix eks    6.28kg   P=1.       7.02mg n.s.s.   1/20    3/20    1/20
 liv hpa eks    no dre   P=1.       9.85mg n.s.s.   1/20    1/20    1/20
2358 M m cd1 wat 24m24 2013n                         0    6.67mg  13.3mg
 --- vsc es     6.13mg * P<.0005 +  4.28mg 9.51mg   5/50   30/50   39/50
 liv vsc es     6.47mg * P<.0005 +  4.54mg 10.0mg   4/50   30/50   37/50
 --- hes es     6.53mg * P<.0005 +  4.54mg 10.3mg   5/50   29/50   38/50
 liv hes es     6.88mg * P<.0005 +  4.80mg 10.8mg   4/50   29/50   36/50
 liv hpc es     33.4mg \ P<.07      12.3mg n.s.s.   3/50    9/50   (0/50)
 lun a/c es     33.4mg \ P<.07      12.3mg n.s.s.   3/50    9/50   (3/50)
 lun mix es     26.4mg * P<.2       9.70mg n.s.s.  19/50   34/50   26/50
 lun a/a es     34.3mg * P<.2       12.3mg n.s.s.  16/50   25/50   23/50
 liv hpa es     140.mg * P<.5       32.9mg n.s.s.   6/50    6/50    9/50
 --- hem es     339.mg * P<.3       83.4mg n.s.s.   0/50    1/50    1/50
 liv hem es     339.mg * P<.3       83.4mg n.s.s.   0/50    1/50    1/50
 liv mix es     24.3kg   P=1.       29.8mg n.s.s.   9/50   15/50    9/50
2359 M f swa wat 72w72 117                           0    20.0mg                                           Toth;jnci,50,181-194;1973
 blv ang e      3.57mg   P<.0005 +  2.23mg 5.94mg   0/47   37/44
 blv mix e      3.65mg   P<.0005 +  2.26mg 6.17mg   4/104  37/44
 lun ade e      5.58mg   P<.0005    3.38mg 10.3mg  12/104  32/44
 lun mix e      5.69mg   P<.0005 +  3.41mg 10.7mg  14/104  32/44
 lun adc e      51.6mg   P<.007     19.2mg 1.11gm   2/104   6/44
 kid ade e      148.mg   P<.2       24.1mg n.s.s.   0/32    1/23
 liv tum e      no dre   P=1.       94.8mg n.s.s.   0/109   0/48
2360 M m swa wat 62w62 117                           0    16.7mg
 blv ang e      2.09mg   P<.0005 +  1.33mg 3.37mg   0/50   42/49
 blv mix e      2.11mg   P<.0005 +  1.34mg 3.44mg   2/91   42/49
 lun ade e      2.62mg   P<.0005    1.63mg 4.53mg  10/86   39/48
 lun mix e      2.62mg   P<.0005 +  1.63mg 4.53mg  10/86   39/48
 kid ade e      19.5mg   P<.0005    9.19mg 59.3mg   0/45    9/48
 liv hpt e      30.4mg   P<.005  +  12.4mg 218.mg   0/45    6/48
 lun adc e      46.6mg   P<.005     16.1mg 391.mg   0/86    4/48
2361 M f swi gav 40w55 1095                          0    10.4mg                                           Roe;natu,216,375-376;1967
 lun tum        16.0mg   P<.2    +  4.00mg n.s.s.   8/85    5/25
2362 R f f34 wat 52w52 2012m                         0    57.1ug  2.86mg  5.71mg             Goldenthal;irdc,399-062;1989/pers.comm.
 liv hem ek     no dre   P=1.    -  57.2ug n.s.s.   1/20    0/20    0/20    0/20
2363 R f f34 wat 24m24 2012n                         0    57.1ug  2.86mg  5.71mg
 liv mix e      30.9mg * P<.005  -  14.5mg 310.mg   0/50    1/50    5/50    5/50
 liv hpc e      40.7mg * P<.003  -  17.6mg 197.mg   0/50    0/50    3/50    4/50
 pit ade e      14.8mg * P<.06   -  5.82mg n.s.s.  15/50   22/50   16/50   28/50
 liv hpa e      184.mg * P<.5    -  38.9mg n.s.s.   0/50    1/50    2/50    1/50
2364 R m f34 wat 52w52 2012m                         0    50.0ug  2.50mg  5.00mg
 liv tum ek     no dre   P=1.    -  50.0ug n.s.s.   0/20    0/20    0/20    0/20
2365 R m f34 wat 24m24 2012n                         0    50.0ug  2.50mg  5.00mg
 liv mix e      155.mg * P<.5    -  26.3mg n.s.s.   3/50    0/50    1/50    3/50
 liv hpa e      205.mg * P<.6    -  30.0mg n.s.s.   2/50    0/50    1/50    2/50
 liv hpc e      650.mg * P<.8    -  45.5mg n.s.s.   1/50    0/50    0/50    1/50

Mutagenicity in Salmonella: positive
SMILES Code for 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine: CN(C)N
InChI Code for 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine: InChI=1/C2H8N2/c1-4(2)3/h3H2,1-2H3
Source for SMILES and InChI: USEPA Distributed Structure-Searchable Toxicity (DSSTox) Database

Chemical Structure for 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine:

Source for structure: National Library of Medicine ChemIDPlus

See full CPDB Summary Table on 1547 chemicals. See Full CPDB for all results on 6540 experiments of 1547 chemicals.

A complete list of CPDB chemicals, which is searchable by name or by CAS number, is available here.

For a compendium of CPDB results organized by target organ, which lists all chemicals in each species that induced tumors in each of 35 organs, see Summary Table by Target Organ.

The CPDB is available in several formats that permit printing and downloading into spreadsheets and statistical databases.

A plot of the CPDB presents results of 1547 experiments on 6540 chemicals in an easily readable format that has been used in publications of the CPDB.
A Screen version plot for use on a single computer screen, with the same data.
Excel version of the same data.
Tab-separated versions of the same data, which can be easily read into databases.

A Supplementary Dataset gives details on dosing and survival for each experiment.

Relatively precise estimates of the lower confidence limit on the TD₁₀ (LTD₁₀) are readily calculated from the TD₅₀ and its lower confidence limit, which are reported in the CPDB. For researchers and regulatory agencies interested in LTD₁₀ values, we provide them in an Excel spreadsheet.

PDF versions of our publications of analyses using the CPDB are available, organized by year and by research topic.

Last updated: October 3, 2007

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